Zgodovina in Zanimivosti

Ok.

P.S.: Javi še na, ker celo tam so dali to teorijo med conspiracy theories.

Operation Paul Bunyan @ Wikipedia

Na meji med Severno in Južno Korejo, v bližini mosta brez povratka (Bridge of No Return) je bilo drevo, ki je blokiralo pogled Južnih Korejcev na enega izmed njihovih mejnih prehodov. Da bi izboljšali vidljivost tega prehoda, so se 18. avgusta 1976 odločili omenjeno drevo podreti, a je prišlo do incidenta s Severnimi Korejci, v katerem sta bila s sekirami ubita dva ameriška vojaka. Tri dni kasneje so se Južni Korejci in Američani ponovno spravili na tisto drevo, a tokrat z večjo ekipo in več opreme, ki je zajemala:

* 16 ljudi za podiranje drevesa,
* 60 ameriških vojakov, oboroženi s pištolami,
* 23 vojaških vozil,
* en tank,
* 64 člansko ekipo južnokorejskih specialcev,
* neplanirano južnokorejci pripeljejo še nekaj strojnic, antitankovsko orožje in eksploziv,
* 20 večnamenskih helikopterjev s 140 vojaki s avtomatskim orožjem,
* 7 Cobra jurišnih helikopterjev,
* od 12 do 20 bombnikov B-52 Stratofortress, s polno vojno opremo, nekateri morda z jedrskim orožjem, v spremstvu ameriških in južnokorejskih lovskih letal,
* dodatno je v pripravljenosti še 10.000 vojakov, še dodatnih 12.000 na poti v Južno Korejo,
* v pripravljenosti je še letalonosilka USS Midway.

Z vso to opremo jim le uspe podreti tisto drevo.

The USA Introduced The Meaing Of Overkill To North Korea
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/RdtNDXZi...

World War Tree - Operation Paul Bunyan

Production Hell - Fitzcarraldo (The Most Insane Movie Shoot Ever)

Arguments, illness, confrontational actors, destroyed sets, deadly wildlife, plane crashes, flash floods, chainsawed limbs and ships being lifted across mountains. The 1982 Werner Herzog movie Fitzcarraldo had them all, and much more.

Kot vsak programski jezik tudi skriptni jezik PHP omogoča globalne spremenljivke. A za razliko od ostalih je PHP eden redkih, če ne edini, pri katerem je potrebno ob uporabi globalne spremenljive to eksplicitno navesti. Bodisi se znotraj funkcije definira uporabo globalne spremenljivke s ključno besedo "global", npr.:

global $moja_globalna;
echo $moja_globalna;

ali pa se globalno spremenljivko uporabi preko super-globalnega polja $GLOBALS, npr.:

echo $GLOBALS['moja_globalna'];

Razlog za to ima zanimivo zgodovinsko ozadje.

Izvorni avtor PHP-ja je Rasmus Lerdorf. Preden je ustvari PHP, je opravljal pripravništvo v kanadskem telekomunikacijskem podjetju Nortel, kjer so med drugim imeli programsko opremo za upravljanje s klicnimi čakalnimi vrstami za klicne centre. Iz neznanega razloga je ta programska oprema vsakih nekaj mesecev nepričakovano prekinila vse čakajoče klice v čakalni vrsti. Več let so poskušali najti napako, neuspešno. Ko je Rasmus prišel na pripravništvo, so mu dali nalogo, naj najde tega hrošča s komentarjem "fix this, good luck". Rasmus si je izvorno kodo natisnil in nalepil na zidove hodnikov omenjene firme ter šel skozi kodo peš. Po treh mesecih in pol je našel hrošča: dve popolnoma nepovezani funkciji sta uporabljali globalno spremenljivko z istim imenom. Ko je ena funkcija spremenila vrednost globalne spremenljivke, je druga funkcija prekinila vse klice.

Kasneje je Rasmus ustvaril PHP, ki izvorno sploh ni bil mišljen kot skriptni jezik, ampak jezik za predloge (templating language), a je skozi zahteve uporabnikov postal skripti jezik. Ko je implementiral globalne spremenljivke, se je spomnil svoje tri in pol mesečne razhroščevalne seje in ker ni želel ponoviti česa takega, je v PHP poskrbel, da je kristalno jasno, ko so v uporabi globalne spremenljivke.

Vir:
Rasmus Lerdorf - 25 Years of PHP - phpday 2019


Konkretna zgodba se prične 19:23. Še druge zanimivosti:
@ 18:14 -

At every point along the way I figured there was about six months of life left in PHP because that's about the amount of time I thought it would take for somebody to write something real that could replace it, but that would also work for me. And I kept waiting for something to come along that I could use that would work for me and nothing did. Idiots came out with stuff like Cold Fusion and other things I looked at and God, what the hell! This isn't how you solve the web problem. And then Cold Fusion became popular even, wow.

@ 26:30 - Double facepalm, ko tik pred predstavitvijo novosti v PHP 7.3 vpraša publiko, če še kdo uporablja PHP 5.

tony1 je 24. apr 2024 ob 11:51 izjavil:

Ja, kaj jim morem? Wiki lahko piše vsak.

Ko bodo Rusi spet naši najboljši prijatelji, plin pa temi primerno poceni, bomo idejo, da je neumno, da se Slovani pobijamo med sabo po befelu nekoga, ki je tisoče milj proč, lahko tudi dali ven iz predala teorij zarote.

Lool kake neumnosti.
Befel je kar Putinov, da Rusi pobijajo svoje sosede Slovane.

JanBrezov je 21. jul 2024 ob 08:55 izjavil:

Ob detonaciji je tisti pokrov odneslo s takšno hitrostjo, da je bil pokrov viden na samo eni sliki te kamere, zato točne hitrosti niso mogli izračunati, glede na hitrost snemanja kamere pa so zaključili, da je letel s hitrostjo vsaj 240.000 km/h (66 km/s). Obstajajo špekulacije, da bi ta pokrov lahko bil prvi objekt človeške izdelave, ki je dosegel vesolje in ne sovjetski Sputnik, ki se je zgodil oktobra istega leta.

Če je bila res taka hitrost, ga je najbrž kar uparilo...

Jasno, da je špekulacija, saj ga jim ni uspelo najti. Zato je uparjenost ščita bolj verjetna...

66km/h skozi atmosfero ne preživi nobeno jeklo. Drugače bi že zdavnaj rešili problem vračanja iz vesolja...

Je bil pa nor poskus...

BTW. drugače obstaja ena knjiga o področju jedrskih eksplozij, Area 6 ali nekaj podobnega. Imam nekje PDF...

Leta 1981 je prišlo do letalske nesreče, v kateri je Rusija v trenutku izgubila skoraj celotno poveljstvo ruske pacifiške flote, 16 admiralov in generalov, vključno s poveljnikom pacifiške flote. Za primerjavo, v vseh šestih letih druge svetovne vojne so rusi izgubili 4 admirale. Najprej so mislili, da gre za začetek napada Američanov, nato so posumili, da gre za interno sabotažo, a resničen razlog je bil precej bolj banalen.

Poveljstvo je to letalo uporabljalo za "shopping". Pogosto so generali na letalo za lastne potrebe naložili hrano, gradbeni material, rezervne dela za avte itd. in je letalo pogosto vzletalo preobremenjeno. Eden od pilotov se je celo pisno pritožil nad dogajanjem, a se s pritožbo ni zgodilo nič (ker je težave povzročalo vodstvo samo). V tem konkretnem primeru so naložili dva ogromna koluta papirja, ki nista bila pravilno pritrjena. Pri vzletu sta se prevalila in s tem spremenila težišče letala, kar je rezultiralo v izgubo vzgona in letalsko nesrečo.

Poročilo nesreče je seveda bilo takoj tajno, v medijih se o tem ni pisalo dosti. Čeprav se je nesreča zgodila 1981, so vdove umrlih dobile uradno obvestilo o tem šele leta 1997, kar je 6 let po razpadu Sovjetske zveze.

Viri:
1981 Pushkin Tu-104 crash @ Wikipedia

When the Soviet Navy Lost 16 Admirals in a Single Accident: The Tu-104 Crash at Pushkin


Še nekaj zanimivih citatov iz videa:

Interestingly enough, the widows of the navy officers received an official notice of the death of their husbands only in 1997, 6 years after the Soviet Union had collapsed. And a year later, in 1998, to the inscription on the memorial saying, "to Navy servicemen of the Pacific Fleet" was added: "who died serving on duty on February 7, 1981." Of course, no one would like the inscription on the memorial saying, "to servicemen who died while doing groceries".

The impressive list of technological accomplishments made by "the Greatest Country in the world", as most of the Russians still think, would make a completely different impression, if, for example, you start adding some other, less impressive achievements that most of you won't even think of, since they have been taken for granted. Like, for example, the year 1969 when the Soviet Union launched the first factory producing toilet paper. So "the Greatest Country in the world" has already built and tested a nuclear bomb, launched the "Sputnik", completed the first manned journey into outer space, built the first supersonic jetliner but still couldn't produce toilet paper.

It is well known that obtaining enormous power may blind and change people. Unfortunately, when it comes to the USSR and modern Russia, it is quite often that this problem gets to the extent that those possessing power not only reject the basic rules of human ethics but even the laws of physics.

Ne preveč zgodovinsko, zame zanimivo, za koga od vas pa morda srhljivo.

Aprila 2022 se je umetnica Steph Maj Swanson igrala z algoritmi za generiranje slik iz teksta, ki uporabljajo modele umetne inteligence (text-to-image AI). Zanimalo jo je, kaj se zgodi, če uporabi negativni poziv, tj. da od generatorja zahteva izdelavo slike, ki je popolno nasprotje od poziva. Kot poziv je vnesla "Brando::-1", kjer je Brando ime igralca Marlon Brando in utež -1, v tem primeru negativno (obratno od Brando). Kot rezultat je dobila nenavaden logotip z belim ozadjem, črno silueto mesta z napisom DIGITA PNTICS z obrnjeno številko 2 (slika). Nato jo je zanimalo, kaj se zgodi, če poda negativni poziv od napisa s slike, zato je vnesla "DIGITA PNTICS skyline logo::-1". Kar je dobila, so štiri srhljive slike stare bolne ženske (tukaj). Ena od teh slik je vsebovala kriptični napis, prva beseda je bila LOAB. Nato je poskušala generiranje slik z mešanjem omenjene slike ženske z drugimi slikami. Karkoli je vzela kot drugo sliko, ta ženska se je vedno pojavljala na vseh generiranih slikah v vedno bolj brutalni podobi. Slike je objavila na Twiterju in vsa stvar je postala viralna (link spodaj). Beseda Loab je postala ime te ženske.

Loab @ Wikipedia

Loab is a fictional character that artist and writer Steph Maj Swanson has claimed to have discovered with a text-to-image AI model in April 2022. In a viral Twitter thread, Swanson described it as an unexpectedly emergent property of the software, saying they discovered it when asking the model to produce something "as different from the prompt as possible".

Swanson has said that "for various reasons" they are declining to disclose the software used to create the images. Loab has been referred to as the "first AI-generated cryptid" and as such has gone viral. Despite hyping up the cryptid nature of the discovery in their wording, Swanson admitted that "Loab isn't really haunted, of course", but noted that the mythos that has sprung up around the AI-generated character has gone beyond their initial involvement. Also, since more images of Loab are being made by other artists now, future AIs will use those images as a part of their latent space maps, making her an innate part of the internet landscape now, with Swanson adding "If we want to get rid of her, it's already too late."

Izvorni twitter/x handle. Če ste nagnjeni k nočnim moram, mogoče ne klikati tega:
https://x.com/supercomposite

Seveda je vprašanje, kaj to pomeni. Tisti bolj verni že opozarjajo, da se v AI skrivajo demoni. Recimo:

Meet Loab, The AI Art-Generated Demon Currently Haunting The Internet

What Did We Do?! AI Is REALLY A Portal to...

V starem delu Jeruzalema, na kraju, kjer bi naj bil križan in pokopan Jezus Kristus, stoji Bazilika Božjega groba, zgrajena v 4. stoletju. V drugem nadstropju zunanjega dela te cerkve je na zid naslonjena lesena lestev, ki tam stoji že vsaj 300 let. Prva omemba lestve je iz 1728. Nihče točno ne ve, zakaj je tista lestev tam, ampak lastniki cerkve se strinjajo: če jo kdo premakne, lahko to povzroči resen varnostni incident, nasilje, morda celo vojno.

Cerkev je v lasti šestih krščanskih denominacij, ki so si v laseh že stoletja, kar se včasih sprevrže v nasilje. Leta 1852 so sklenili dokončni dogovor, da se v tej cerkvi ne sme spremeniti absolutno ničesar brez soglasja vseh šestih denominacij, vključno s premikanjem pohištva. Ker je omenjena lestev bila tam že pred tem dogovorom, je sedaj vključena v dogovor in dogovora za umik tiste lestve ni. Dogovora se držijo precej resno in je pogosto razlog za nasilje. Npr. leta 2002 je eden od duhovnikov premaknil stol "malce bolj v senco". Stvar se je končala z množičnim pretepom, 11 ljudi je končalo v bolnišnici.

On a hot summer day in 2002, a Coptic monk moved his chair from its agreed spot into the shade. This was interpreted as a hostile move by the Ethiopians and eleven were hospitalized after the resulting fight.

Papež Pavel VI. jo je razglasil za simbol razdora v krščanstvu.

Viri:
Immovable Ladder @ Wikipedia

Why Nobody is EVER Allowed to Move This Ladder

How a total disaster became the world's best-selling piano album

Keith Jarrett's Köln Concert started as a total disaster. Not only was he exhausted and hungry, but he had to improvise an entire concert on a broken, unplayable piano. This concert would go on to be the best-selling solo jazz album and the best-selling piano album of any genre.

The Köln Concert @ Wikipedia

The Köln Concert is a live solo double album by pianist Keith Jarrett recorded at the Opera House in Köln, West Germany on 24 January 1975 and released on ECM Records later that year. It is the best-selling solo album in jazz history and the best-selling piano album.

At Jarrett's request, Brandes had selected a Bösendorfer 290 Imperial concert grand piano for the performance. However, there was some confusion by the opera house staff and instead they found another Bösendorfer piano backstage--a much smaller baby grand piano--and, assuming it was the one requested, placed it on the stage. The error was discovered too late for the correct Bösendorfer to be delivered to the venue in time for the evening's concert. The piano they had was intended for rehearsals only and was in poor condition and required several hours of tuning and adjustment to make it playable. The instrument was tinny and thin in the upper registers and weak in the bass register, and the pedals did not work properly.

The Imperial Russian Navy in the American Civil War, kanal "National Museum of Civil War Medicine"


gremo v leto 1863, eni drugi časi, ki so trajali do 1918 https://www.youtube.com/shorts/NUA3R7cn...

hint 13:25

zanimivost:
18:25 požar v SF

22:46 epilog

se splača pogledati od začetka, čeprav je do 8 minute rahlo dolgočasno.



kaj pravi lmm https://lmarena.ai/ , direct chat (gemini-exp-1114)
part 1:
## Russia's Involvement in the American Civil War: A Complex Relationship

Russia's involvement in the American Civil War was **indirect but significant**, primarily through diplomatic actions and a show of naval force. While they didn't send troops or directly engage in combat, their actions played a role in shaping the international landscape of the conflict and potentially influencing its outcome.

Here's a breakdown of Russia's involvement:

*1. Diplomatic Support for the Union:*

* *Maintaining Relations:* Russia was one of the few European powers that maintained friendly relations with the Union throughout the war. This was in stark contrast to Britain and France, who flirted with recognizing the Confederacy.
* *Preventing Intervention:* Russia's strong stance against European intervention was crucial. Tsar Alexander II made it clear that any attempt by Britain or France to intervene on behalf of the Confederacy would be met with a hostile response from Russia. This acted as a significant deterrent, preventing the Confederacy from gaining crucial international recognition and support.
* *Symbolic Gestures:* While not direct military aid, Russia's diplomatic gestures were important. They openly condemned slavery and expressed support for the Union's efforts to preserve the nation.

*2. Naval Presence:*

* *The Russian Fleets:* In 1863, two Russian naval squadrons, the Atlantic Squadron and the Pacific Squadron, were dispatched to American waters.
* The *Atlantic Squadron* arrived in New York Harbor and then spent several months in various Union ports. Their presence was seen as a show of support for the Union and a warning to potential European interventionists.
* The *Pacific Squadron* was based in San Francisco and was positioned to potentially disrupt Confederate commerce raiders operating in the Pacific.
* *Purpose of the Fleets:* While the official reason for the fleets' presence was to avoid being trapped in the Baltic or Black Seas if war broke out with Britain and France over the Polish uprising, their presence in American waters served a dual purpose:
* *Deterrence:* It acted as a deterrent against British and French intervention.
* *Symbolic Support:* It demonstrated Russia's support for the Union.

*3. Motives Behind Russia's Actions:*

* *Geopolitical Considerations:* Russia's primary motivation was to counter British and French influence globally. They saw a weakened United States as detrimental to their own interests and feared a strengthened Anglo-French alliance.
* *Opposition to Intervention:* Russia opposed the principle of foreign intervention in domestic affairs, particularly in light of their own suppression of the Polish uprising.
* *Anti-Slavery Sentiment:* While not the primary driver, Russia's official stance against slavery did align them with the Union's cause.

*4. Impact of Russia's Involvement:*

* *Prevented European Intervention:* Russia's actions played a significant role in deterring Britain and France from recognizing the Confederacy. This was arguably the most important contribution to the Union cause.
* *Boosted Union Morale:* The presence of the Russian fleets and their diplomatic support boosted Union morale and demonstrated international support for their cause.
* *Limited Direct Military Impact:* Russia's involvement did not involve direct military aid or combat, so its direct impact on the battlefield was limited.

*In Conclusion:*

Russia's involvement in the American Civil War was primarily diplomatic and symbolic. While they did not directly fight alongside the Union, their actions were crucial in preventing European intervention and bolstering the Union's international standing. This indirect support played a significant role in shaping the course of the war and ultimately contributing to the Union's victory.

It's important to note that the extent of Russia's influence is still debated by historians. Some argue that their actions were decisive in preventing European intervention, while others believe that Britain and France were unlikely to intervene regardless. However, there is no doubt that Russia's presence was felt and that their actions were viewed favorably by the Union government.


part 2:
If Russia had not acted as it did during the American Civil War, the course of history could have been significantly different. Let's explore the potential ramifications of a different Russian stance:

*Scenario: Russia Does Not Support the Union (or Remains Neutral):*

* *Increased Risk of European Intervention:* Without Russia's firm opposition, Britain and France would have felt far less constrained in their actions. The temptation to recognize the Confederacy, driven by economic interests (cotton) and a desire to weaken a rising power (the United States), would have been much stronger.
* *Potential Recognition of the Confederacy:* Recognition by Britain and France would have granted the Confederacy legitimacy on the international stage. This would have opened the door for:
* *Financial Aid:* Loans and investments from European powers.
* *Military Supplies:* Weapons, ships, and other essential war materials.
* *Potential Military Alliances:* While direct military intervention was less likely, the possibility of alliances and even limited military support would have increased dramatically.
* *Impact on Union Blockade:* A recognized Confederacy would have made it much harder for the Union to maintain its naval blockade of Southern ports. European powers might have challenged the blockade, arguing it was illegal against a sovereign nation. This would have allowed the Confederacy to trade more freely, bolstering its economy and war effort.
* *Weakened Union Morale:* The lack of Russian support, coupled with potential European recognition of the Confederacy, would have severely damaged Union morale. It would have reinforced the perception that the Union was fighting a losing battle and might have led to increased calls for peace negotiations on unfavorable terms.
* *Prolonged War:* With European support, the Confederacy would have been able to sustain its war effort for a much longer period. This would have resulted in a longer, bloodier conflict with potentially devastating consequences for both sides.
* *Possible Confederate Victory (or Stalemate):* While not guaranteed, the increased support for the Confederacy could have tipped the scales in their favor, leading to a Confederate victory or a stalemate resulting in a divided nation.

*Long-Term Implications of a Different Outcome:*

* *A Divided United States:* A Confederate victory or a permanent division of the United States would have fundamentally altered the course of American history. It would have created a vastly different geopolitical landscape with two competing nations on the North American continent.
* *Weakened United States:* Even a Union victory after a prolonged and costly war would have left the United States significantly weakened and less able to assert itself on the world stage.
* *Increased European Influence:* A divided or weakened United States would have allowed European powers, particularly Britain and France, to maintain greater influence in North America and globally.
* *Different Trajectory of Slavery:* A Confederate victory would have ensured the continuation of slavery, potentially for decades longer. This would have had profound implications for the social, economic, and political development of the United States and the world.

*Conclusion:*

While it's impossible to say with certainty exactly how history would have unfolded, it's clear that Russia's support for the Union played a crucial role in preventing European intervention and shaping the outcome of the American Civil War. Without their actions, the war could have been significantly prolonged, the United States might have been permanently divided, and the global balance of power would have been dramatically different.

It's a fascinating "what if" scenario that highlights the interconnectedness of global events and the profound impact that seemingly distant actions can have on the course of history. Russia's decision to support the Union, driven by its own geopolitical interests, ultimately had far-reaching consequences for the United States and the world.