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Sociologija - Temeljne Človekove Pravice

Sociologija - Temeljne Človekove Pravice

d0rK ::

Hi,

za maturitetno nalogo pri sociologiji sem izbral naslov Temeljne človekove pravice. Problem je v tem, da ne najdem kaj preveč literature na to temo. Zanima me pa se, a so temeljne človekove pravice postavili Združeni narodi ali Svet Evrope?

Ce mi lahko kdo pomaga malo bi mu bil zelo hvalezen.


Zelim tudi dopolniti mojo dispozicijo ampak mi nic ne pade na pamet.

Uvod
Predstavitev temeljnih človekovih pravic
Razvoj temeljnih človekovih pravic
Kršenje temeljnih človekovih pravic
Zaključek


Bi kdo se s cem dopolnil?

2tiLen ::

Ne najdeš literature na to temo? Da te ne bom butnu...

Pejt v knjižnico! Pa mal po cobissu prej poglej!

gzibret ::

To pa je ena tako pomembnih tem, da bom celotno deklaracijo pripopal kar tule. VSAKEMU SVETUJEM, DA JO PREBERE.


UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

Adopted and proclaimed by General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948

PREAMBLE

Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,

Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,

Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,

Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,

Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,

Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,

Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,

Now, Therefore THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY proclaims THIS UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.

Article 1.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Article 2.
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.

Article 3.
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

Article 4.
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

Article 5.
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Article 6.
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

Article 7.
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.

Article 8.
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.

Article 9.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

Article 10.
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.

Article 11.
(1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.

(2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.

Article 12.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

Article 13.
(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.

(2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

Article 14.
(1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

(2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 15.
(1) Everyone has the right to a nationality.

(2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

Article 16.
(1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.

(2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.

(3) The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

Article 17.
(1) Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

(2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

Article 18.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.

Article 19.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

Article 20.
(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

(2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association.

Article 21.
(1) Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

(2) Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country.

(3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.

Article 22.
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

Article 23.
(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.

(2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.

(3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.

(4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.

Article 24.
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

Article 25.
(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.

(2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.

Article 26.
(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

(2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.

(3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

Article 27.
(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

(2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

Article 28.
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

Article 29.
(1) Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.

(2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.

(3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 30.
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.
Vse je za neki dobr!

aljazh ::

Nekaj informacij kot izhodišče za nadaljnje iskanje (cobiss, Google, Svet evrope, OZN, ...)

Priznavanje človekovih pravic se je zgodovinsko gledano nekako začelo z Magna Charta v Združenem kraljestvu, pomemben mejnik pa je Deklaracija o pravicah človeka in državljana iz časov francoske revolucije. Danes najpomemnejša dokumenta sta Deklaracija ZN o človekovih pravicah ter Evropska konvencija o temeljnih človekovih pravicah in svoboščinah.

gzibret ::

PS - slovenski prevod (ki ga tudi dobiš na povezavi) je ena velika katastrofa in žalost.
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Hm, 2tiLen...Imam vse knjige na to temo iz Prezihovega Voranca.

Imam naslednje knjige:

Album Človekovih Pravic
Vodnik Po Mojih Pravicah
Človekove pravice - zbirka mednarodnih dokumentov. Univerzalni dokumenti

Ce poznas se kaksno boljso knjigo jo prosim napisi. Sem doma, bolan z vrocino ter glavoboli, to moram pa nujno oddati.

Res prosim za pomoc saj se v zgoraj napisanih knjigah ne najdem. Najbolj me zanima, ce so temeljne clovekove pravice samo
ena majhna stvar kot je recimo knjiga "Album Človekovih Pravic" ali veliko obseznejsa tema kot je "Človekove pravice - zbirka mednarodnih dokumentov". Namrec nic se ne znajdem. :(

Gwanaroth ::

Maturitetna seminarska naloga ni to, da boš ti kopiral odstavke iz knjige v wordov dokument, sprintal ter oddal.

Preberi knjige [oz. vsaj kakšno poglavje iz nje], prebrskaj na internetu, o človekovih pravicah imaš na tone virov, se usedi, razmisli, kako ti gledaš na zadevo (naslov, ki ga imaš) ter nato se loti strukturiranega pisanja seminarske.

Sam sem tudi opravljal maturo iz soc. in vem, kako grejo zadeve.
Lights often keep secret hypnosis..

gzibret ::

> Bi kdo se s cem dopolnil?

Morda še malo razišči, kakšni pravni organi skrbijo za varovanje človekovih pravic (sodišče za človekove pravice, varuhi pravic, organi OZN...). Kako je ta problematika rešena v posameznih državah.
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Vem, da ni. Tudi nimam tega namena. Do jutri moram samo oddati dispozicijo naloge.

Tako, da Vas zelo prosim, ce mi lahko pomagati pri dopolniti le-te.
Do sedaj sem pridem do naslednjega:

Uvod
Predstavitev temeljnih človekovih pravic
Razvoj temeljnih človekovih pravic
Kršenje temeljnih človekovih pravic
Zaključek

Potrebujem boljso dispozicijo. Za pripravo le-te bi pa potreboval vec casa, da bi lahko preucil zadevo. Mene pa ze vec kot en teden pesti ena bolezen. Mi lahko pomagate pri izboljsanju dispozicije? Do koncne oddaje seminarske se bom ze veliko bolje pozanimal o tej temi.

d0rK ::

Okej najbolj me zmede poimenovanje. Ko nekdo omeni človekove pravice je to isto kot temeljne človekove pravice?

Sem dodal se organe za skrb varovanja človekovih pravic v dispozicijo. Ne vem pa, kaj si mislil s tem:"Kako je ta problematika rešena v posameznih državah.".

gzibret ::

Vska seminarska ima uvod-jedro-zaključek. Sledi tudi ti temu.

Začni z uvodom, kjer predstaviš ozadje problema (vojne, predvsem druga, pokoli...) in kratko zgodovino (od aljazh-a).

Uvodu naj sledi opis konvencije človekovih pravic, kaj govori preambula, koga zavzema ta konvencija, kakšne pravice podeljuje, komu, kdo je konvencijo sprejel, koga zavezuje....

V naslednjem poglavju opiši stanje človekovih pravic v svetu danes. OZN vsako leto izda poročilo, tako, da s tem nebi smel imeti problemov. Pol opiši še, kako je varovanje čl. pravic urejeno po svetu, kateri organi skrbijo za to...

Na koncu je zaključek - tukaj podaš lastno mnenje o čl. pravicah, kaj so po tvoje prinesle svetu, a bi se jih dalo še kako izboljšati, dopolniti, ali opažaš kršenje pravic v vsakodnevnem življenju, kaj lahko po tvoje vsak državljan Slovenije stori za izboljšanje stanja, kaj si se ti naučil novega....

Da poudariš svoje ugotovitve, jih lahko strneš v sintezi na koncu, ki naj bo kot nekakšen povzetek cvelotnega dela na 1 tipkani strani. Tam na kratko povzemi vse najpomembnejše ugotovitve.

Imena poglavij si izmisli sam.

Na koncu navedi literaturo - obvezno!
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Supr si napisu gzibert, res hvala.

Ampak samo, da bom siguren...Clovekove pravice = Temeljne clovekove pravice?

gzibret ::

Mislim, da.
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Hm, ce bi kdo napisu k je 100% sure, bi me fajn pomiril.

Grem zdele mau lezat, k sm cist zasvicou. Hvala usem za pomoc, pa ce ma kdo se kej informacij nej kar napise.

gzibret ::

Ja, ne vem. Nisem ne sociolog, še manj pa pravnik. Sicer pa tudi konvencija enkrat govori o človekovih, drugič pa o temeljnih človekovih pravicah.

Drugače pa se takšnim problemom lahko izogneš v uvodu, kjer že na začetku napišeš nekaj v tem stilu:

"Za temeljne človekove pravice smatram tiste pravice, ki so zapisane v konvenciji OZN iz leta 1948. To velja za celotno nadaljnje besedilo. Včasih so te pravice poimenovane tudi v krajši obliki, kot "človekove pravice", nanašajo pa se na isti dokument."
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Joj, supr gzibert.

Najdu sm pa tut en fin prevod Magne Carte: Link

STASI ::

"WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH"

abcčdefghijklmnoprsštuvzž

Zgodovina sprememb…

  • spremenilo: STASI ()

2tiLen ::

Oprosti, sem se prehitro razburil. :-)

Z linki me je STASI prehitel. Mogoče bi dodal Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights pri OVSE

lp
Tilen

2tiLen ::

Še dve diplomski nalogi v pdf-ju:

Varstvo človekovih pravic v razmerju do državne uprave : primerjava ombudsmana in Amnesty International
klik...

Človekove pravice v procesu tranzicije v Sloveniji:
klik...

Osnove so notri.

lp
Tilen

d0rK ::

Hvaaaaaaaaaalaaaaaaaaaa vsem. :)

gzibret ::

Ni blema.
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Okej....Sm naredu dispozicijo jo kljub vrocini nesel tja, nakar sem izvedel, da je bila narejena napacno.

Tole moram izpolhniti:

Cilji in problemi seminarske naloge
Osnovne predpostavke (hipoteze)
Metodologija
Literatura in viri

Cilji...Prestavitev temeljnih človekovih pravic in zgodovina in zgoraj napisane stvari.
Problemi...Kaksni problemi??
Kaksne osnovne predpostavke?! Sej ne raziskujem.
Metodologija....Bezno se se spominjam, ampak ali mi lahko nekdo odvezi spomin?


Hvala.

d0rK ::

Hi.

Se vedno se ubadam s to dispozicijo....Ker sem bil bolan se mi je nakopicu ceu kup testov, ki jih morm opraviti pred pocitnicami tako, da sem na to dispozicijo popolnoma pozabil. Torej spet potrebujem vaso pomoc.

Torej se vedno imam pred seboj list s praznimi polji. V polja moram vpisati sledece zadeve.

Cilji in problemi seminarske naloge
Osnovne predpostavke (hipoteze)
Metodologija
Literatura in viri

Izpolhnil sem ze kaj je moj cilj ter vpisal vire, ki jih bom uporabljal. Ne razumem pa kaj zelijo, da napisem kot probleme seminarske naloge, kaksne nej bi bile moje osnovne predpostavke in pa metodologija.

Res bi bil vesel, ce bi mi lahko nekdo malo razlozil te tri stvari.

gzibret ::

Idej kolikor hočeš:

Hipoteza 1 - da je konvencija o člov. pravicah zmanjšala trplenje ljudi gledano globalno
Hipoteza 2 - če konvencije nebi sprejeli, bi do danes že nastala III sv. vojna
Hipoteza 3 - konvencija o temeljnih čl. pravicah je/ni dosegla svojega namena
Hipoteza 4 - Slovenija spoštuje konvencijo o čl. pravicah v zadostni meri (pri tem moraš definirati, kaj zate pomeni zadostna mera)
...
...
...


Uporabi domišlija!

Ostale točke priredi tako, da bodo pasale k hipotezi.
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Res hvala gzibert. Sej za metodologijo sem potem izpolhnil. Ker je moja naloga teroreticne narave je edina vrsta metodologije analiza dokumentov.

Hvala za tiste hipoteze. So prisle prov pri nadalnjem razmisljanju.

d0rK ::

Okej zarad raznih problemov sm lahka sele zdej zaceu pisat stvar.

Tole je kazalo. Zanima me, ce ima kdo se kaksen predlog bi oblikovanju le-tega.


gzibret ::

Dobro zastavljeno. Podajam še nekaj pripomb, da bo še bolje ;)

1) uvod ne potrebuje uvoda :P
2) ozadje problema bi dal pred namene in cilje
3) morda bi izpustil poglavje "Zgodovinski pregled" in ga spojil z ozadjem problema. Ni pa nujno, lahko narediš tudi tako, kot si si zastavil
4) morda bi poglavje "Vloga in razvoj pravic na slovenskem" dal kot prvo podpoglavje v "Varstvo človekovih pravic v Sloveniji", ali pa pusti tako, kot si si zamislil.
5) literatura se deli na objavljene vire (kamor spadajo članki, monografije, zborniki.... in tudi internetni viri) in neobjavljene vire (to so razne konsultacije, zapiski, ustno sporočilo...). Tako jo tudi koncipiraj. Ni blema, če so internetni viri skupaj s članki in knjigami.


No, to zaenkrat. Če pa se bom še kaj spomil, pa še povem.
Vse je za neki dobr!

d0rK ::

Hehe, prvi uvod je misljen kot del strukture, drugi pa dejanski uvod oz predstavitev seminarske.
Ozdaje problema sem postavil na drugo mesto.

Tocki 3 in 4 ne bom uposteval, ker sem sam frik na rezclenjevanje. ;]

Tocka 5 - Done.


Pa hvala za pomoc. =)

d0rK ::

Se neki!

Kaksna je razilka med človekovimi pravicami in temljnimi svoboščinami?

Svoboščine nej bi bile z ustavo zagotovljene pravice. Torej to pomeni kaj, da so pod poglavje človekovih pravic?

DavidJ ::

Pojdi v NUK-a ali eno sorodno zmogljivo knjižnjico in si izposodi knjigo Ustavna ureditev Slovenije. Avtorja sta Grad in Kavčič. Preberi prvih ~120 strani. Knjiga je zelo berljiva in lahko razumljiva.
"Do, or do not. There is no 'try'. "
- Yoda ('The Empire Strikes Back')

d0rK ::

Will do. Thanks.


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